Maven - Web 应用程序
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Maven - Web 应用程序
本章教您如何使用 Maven 管理基于 Web 的项目。 在这里，您将学习如何创建/构建/部署和运行 Web 应用程序。
创建 Web 应用程序
要创建一个简单的 java web 应用程序，我们将使用 maven-archetype-webapp 插件。 所以，让我们打开命令控制台，进入 C:\MVN 目录并执行以下 mvn 命令。
C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate
-DgroupId = com.companyname.automobile
-DartifactId = trucks
-DarchetypeArtifactId = maven-archetype-webapp
-DinteractiveMode = false
Maven 将开始处理，并将创建完整的基于 Web 的 java 应用程序项目结构，如下所示 −
C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.companyname.automobile -DartifactId=trucks -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< org.apache.maven:standalone-pom >-------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1
[INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]---------------------------------
...
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:\MVN
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: trucks
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:\MVN\trucks
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 10.381 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-13T19:00:13+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\MVN>
现在转到 C:/MVN 目录。 您将看到创建了一个 java 应用程序项目，命名为 trucks（在 artifactId 中指定），如以下快照中所指定。 以下目录结构一般用于 web 应用程序 −
Maven 使用标准的目录布局。 使用上面的例子，我们可以理解以下关键概念 −
序号
文件夹结构 & 描述
1
trucks
包含 src 文件夹和 pom.xml。
2
src/main/webapp
包含 index.jsp 和 WEB-INF 文件夹。
3
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF
包含 web.xml
4
src/main/resources
它包含 images/properties 文件。
POM.xml
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
如果您观察，您会发现 Maven 还创建了一个示例 JSP Source 文件。
打开 C:\ > MVN > trucks > src > main > webapp > 文件夹可以看到 index.jsp 的代码如下 −
Hello World!
构建 Web 应用程序
让我们打开命令控制台，进入 C:\MVN\trucks 目录并执行以下 mvn 命令。
C:\MVN\trucks>mvn clean package
Maven 将开始构建项目。
C:\MVN\trucks>mvn clean package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------< com.companyname.automobile:trucks >------------------
[INFO] Building trucks Maven Webapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ war ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ trucks ---
[INFO] Deleting C:\MVN\trucks\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ trucks ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ trucks ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ trucks ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\MVN\trucks\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ trucks ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ trucks ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ trucks ---
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.Fields (file:/C:/Users/intel/.m2/repository/com/thoughtworks/xstream/xstream/1.3.1/xstream-1.3.1.jar) to field java.util.Properties.defaults
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.Fields
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [trucks] in [C:\MVN\trucks\target\trucks]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [C:\MVN\trucks\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [50 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: C:\MVN\trucks\target\trucks.war
[INFO] WEB-INF\web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.494 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-13T19:02:15+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\MVN\trucks>
部署 Web 应用程序
现在将在 C:\ > MVN > trucks > target > 文件夹中创建的 trucks.war 复制到您的网络服务器 webapp 目录并重新启动网络服务器。
测试 Web 应用程序
使用 URL 运行 Web 应用程序: http://
验证输出。
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